May 15, · It could be called unfair for the harsh conditions it imposed upon Germnay Germany was humilliated by the Treaty of Versailles and the harsh conditions it imposed explains much the resentment towards the winners of WWI which made Hitler's victory possible. Germany was imposeda reduced army, a demilitarized zone close the border of France, its mines had to be plundered by The Obama Doctrine is a catch-all term frequently used to describe one or several principles of the foreign policy of U.S. President Barack blogger.com is still not agreed whether there was an actual Obama Doctrine. Nevertheless, in , during an interview with The New York Times, Obama briefly commented about the doctrine saying: "You asked about an Obama doctrine, the doctrine is we will How big is a word essay. Prayer in public schools research paper. Who essay competition: essays about teaching methods, sample research papers for kids sample outline for research paper in mla format, complex split thesis cheap report writer for hire uk sample accuplacer essay prompts do the ends justify the means essay examples.. Why to hate homework
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A member of the Democratic-Republican PartyMonroe was the last president of the Virginia dynasty and the Republican Generation ; his presidency coincided with the Era of Good Feelingsconcluding the First Party System era of American politics. He is perhaps best known for issuing the Monroe Doctrinea policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas, monroe doctrine essay. He also served as governor of Virginiaa member of the United States SenateU.
ambassador to France and Britainthe 7th Secretary of Stateand the 8th Secretary of War. Born into a planter family in Westmoreland County monroe doctrine essay, VirginiaMonroe served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. After studying law under Thomas Jefferson from tohe served as a delegate in the Continental Congress, monroe doctrine essay.
As a delegate to the Virginia Ratifying ConventionMonroe opposed the ratification of the United States Constitution. Inmonroe doctrine essay, he won election to the Senatewhere he became a leader of the Democratic-Republican Party. He left the Senate in to serve as President George Washington 's ambassador to France but was recalled by Washington in Monroe won the election as Governor of Virginia in and strongly supported Jefferson's candidacy in the presidential election.
As President Jefferson's special envoy, Monroe helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchasethrough which the United States nearly doubled in size. Monroe fell out with his longtime friend James Madison after Madison rejected the Monroe—Pinkney Treaty that Monroe negotiated with Britain. He unsuccessfully challenged Madison for the Democratic-Republican nomination in the presidential electionbut in he joined Madison's administration as Secretary of State.
During the later stages of the War ofMonroe simultaneously served as Madison's Secretary of State and Secretary of War. His wartime leadership established him as Madison's heir apparent, and he easily defeated Federalist candidate Rufus King in the presidential monroe doctrine essay. Monroe's presidency was concurrent with the Era of Good Feelingsas the Federalist Party collapsed as a national political force during his tenure.
In foreign affairs, Monroe and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams favored a policy of monroe doctrine essay with Britain and a policy of expansionism against the Spanish Empire.
In the Adams—Onís Treaty with Spain, the United States secured Florida and established its western border with New Spain. Inmonroe doctrine essay, Monroe announced the United States' opposition to any European intervention in the recently independent countries of the Americas with the Monroe Doctrine, which became a landmark in American foreign policy.
Monroe was a member of the American Colonization Societywhich supported the colonization of Africa by freed slavesand Liberia 's capital of Monrovia is named in his honor. Following his retirement inMonroe was plagued by financial difficulties, and died on July 4, in New York City. He has been generally ranked as an above-average president by historians. James Monroe was born April 28,in his parents' house in a wooded area of Westmoreland CountyVirginia.
The marked site is one mile from the unincorporated community known today as Monroe Hall, Virginia. The James Monroe Family Home Site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in His father Spence Monroe — was a moderately prosperous planter and slave owner who also practiced carpentry.
His mother Elizabeth Jones — married Spence Monroe in and they had five children: Elizabeth, James, Spence, Andrew, monroe doctrine essay, and Joseph Jones. His paternal great-great-grandfather Patrick Andrew Monroe emigrated to America from Scotland in the midth century, monroe doctrine essay, and was part of an ancient Scottish clan known as Clan Munro.
In he patented a large tract of land in Washington Parish, Westmoreland County, Virginia. Monroe's mother was the daughter of James Jones, who immigrated from Wales and settled in nearby King George County, Virginia. Jones was a wealthy architect. At age 11, Monroe was enrolled in Campbelltown Academy, the lone school in the county. He attended this school only 11 weeks a year, as his labor was needed on the farm. During this time, Monroe formed a lifelong friendship with an older classmate, John Marshall.
Monroe's mother died inand his father two years later. Though he inherited property, including slaves, monroe doctrine essay, from both of his parents, monroe doctrine essay, the year-old Monroe was forced to withdraw from school to support his younger brothers. His childless maternal uncle, monroe doctrine essay, Joseph Jonesbecame a surrogate father to Monroe and his siblings.
A member of the Virginia House of BurgessesJones took Monroe to the capital of Williamsburg, Virginiaand enrolled him in the College of William and Mary, monroe doctrine essay. Jones also introduced Monroe to important Virginians such as Thomas JeffersonPatrick Henryand George Washington.
Inopposition to monroe doctrine essay British monroe doctrine essay grew in the Thirteen Colonies in reaction to the " Intolerable Acts ", and Monroe doctrine essay sent a delegation to the First Continental Congress. Monroe became involved in the opposition to Lord Dunmorethe colonial governor of Virginia, and took part in the storming of the Governor's Palace.
In earlyabout a year and a half after monroe doctrine essay enrollment, Monroe dropped out of college and joined the 3rd Virginia Regiment in monroe doctrine essay Continental Army. After months of training, Monroe and Virginia infantrymen were called north to serve in the New York and New Jersey campaign.
Shortly after the Virginians arrived, George Washington led the army in a retreat from New York City into New Jersey and then across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania. In late December, Monroe took part in a surprise attack on a Hessian encampment at the Battle of Trenton, monroe doctrine essay. Though the attack was successful, Monroe suffered a severed artery in the battle and nearly died.
In the aftermath, Washington cited Monroe and William Washington for their bravery, and promoted Monroe to captain. After his wounds healed, Monroe returned to Virginia to recruit his own company of soldiers. Lacking the wealth to induce soldiers monroe doctrine essay join his company, Monroe instead asked his uncle to return him to the front.
Monroe was assigned to the staff of General William Alexander, Lord Stirling. During this time he formed a close friendship with the Marquis de Lafayettea French volunteer who encouraged him to view the war as part of a wider struggle against religious and political tyranny.
Monroe served in the Philadelphia campaign and spent the winter of —78 at the encampment of Valley Forgesharing a log hut with Marshall, monroe doctrine essay. After serving in the Battle of Monmouththe destitute Monroe resigned his commission in December and joined his uncle in Philadelphia. After the British captured Savannahthe Virginia legislature decided to raise four regiments, and Monroe returned to his native state, hoping to receive his own command.
With letters of recommendation from Washington, Stirling, and Alexander HamiltonMonroe received a commission as a lieutenant colonel and was expected to lead one of the regiments, but recruitment again proved to be a problem.
On Jones's advice, monroe doctrine essay, Monroe returned to Williamsburg to study law, becoming a protege of Virginia Governor Thomas Jefferson. With the British increasingly focusing their operations in the Southern coloniesthe Virginians moved the capital to the more defensible city of Richmondand Monroe accompanied Jefferson to the new capital. As governor of Virginia, Jefferson held command over its militia, and made Monroe a colonel.
Monroe established a messenger network to coordinate with the Continental Army and other state militias. Still unable to raise an army due to a lack of interested recruits, Monroe traveled to his home in King George County, and thus was not present for the British raid of Richmond.
As both the Continental Army and the Virginia militia had an abundance of officers, Monroe did not serve during the Yorktown campaignand, much to his frustration, did not take part in the Siege of Yorktown. president who was a Revolutionary War veteran, since he served as an officer of the Continental Army and took part monroe doctrine essay combat, monroe doctrine essay. Monroe resumed studying law under Jefferson and continued until On February 16,Monroe married Elizabeth Kortright — in New York City.
Monroe met her while serving in the Continental Congress. After a brief honeymoon on Long Island, New Yorkmonroe doctrine essay, the Monroes returned to New York City to live with her father until Congress adjourned.
They then monroe doctrine essay to Virginia, settling in Charlottesville, Virginiain They bought an estate in Charlottesville known as Ash Lawn—Highlandsettling on the property monroe doctrine essay The Monroes had three children. Monroe sold his small Virginia plantation in to enter law and politics. He later fulfilled his childhood dream of becoming the owner of a large plantation and wielding great political power, but his plantation was never profitable.
Although he owned much more land and many more slaves, and speculated in property, he was rarely on site to oversee the operations. Overseers treated the slaves harshly to force production, but the plantations barely broke even. Monroe incurred debts by his lavish and expensive lifestyle and often sold property including slaves to pay them off. During the course of his presidency, Monroe remained convinced that slavery was wrong and supported private manumission, but at the same monroe doctrine essay he insisted that any attempt to promote emancipation would cause more problems.
Monroe believed that slavery had become a permanent part of southern life, and that it could only be removed on providential terms. Like so many other Upper South slaveholders, Monroe believed that a central purpose of government was to ensure "domestic tranquility" for all. Like so many other Monroe doctrine essay South planters, he also believed that the central purpose of government was to empower planters like himself.
He feared for public safety in the United States during the era of violent revolution on two fronts. First, from potential class warfare of the French Revolution in which those of the propertied classes were summarily purged in mob violence and then preemptive trials, and second, from possible racial warfare similar to that of the Haitian Revolution in which blacks, whites, then mixed-race inhabitants were indiscriminately slaughtered as events there unfolded.
Monroe was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in After serving on Monroe doctrine essay Executive Council, [22] he was elected to the Congress of the Confederation in November and served in Annapolis until Congress convened in Trenton, New Jersey in June He had served a total of three years when he finally retired from that office by the rule of rotation.
InMonroe undertook an extensive trip through Western New York and Pennsylvania to inspect the conditions in the Northwest. The tour convinced him that the United States had to pressure Britain to abandon its posts in the region and assert control of the Northwest. The ordinance created the Northwest Territoryproviding for federal administration of the territories West of Pennsylvania and North of the Ohio River. During this period, Jefferson continued to serve as a mentor to Monroe, and, at Jefferson's prompting, he befriended another prominent Virginian, James Madison.
Monroe resigned from Congress in to focus on his legal career, and he became an attorney for the state. InMonroe won election to another term in the Virginia House of Delegates. Though he had become outspoken in his desire to reform the Articles, monroe doctrine essay, he was unable to attend monroe doctrine essay Philadelphia Convention due to his work obligations.
Virginians held a full spectrum of opinions about monroe doctrine essay merits of the proposed change in national government. Washington and Madison were leading supporters; Patrick Henry and George Mason were leading opponents.
Those who held the middle ground in the ideological struggle became the central figures. Led by Monroe and Edmund Pendletonthese "federalists who are for amendments" criticized the absence of a bill of rights and worried about surrendering taxation powers to the central government.
Virginia was the tenth state to ratify the Constitutionand all thirteen states eventually ratified the document. Henry and other anti-federalists hoped to elect a Congress that would amend the Constitution to take away most of the powers it had been granted "commit suicide on [its] own authority", as Madison put it. Henry recruited Monroe to run against Madison for a House seat in the First Congressand he had the Virginia legislature draw a congressional district designed to elect Monroe.
During the campaign, Madison and Monroe often traveled together, and the election did not destroy their friendship. In the election for Virginia's Fifth DistrictMadison prevailed over Monroe doctrine essay, taking 1, votes compared to Monroe's votes.
The Monroe Doctrine
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